![]() As we begin to understand these developmental processes we may be able to apply them to stem cells grown in vitro and potentially regrow cells such as nerve, skin, intestine, liver, etc for transplantation. Scientists hope to understand how these cells differentiate during development. These pluripotent stem cells have the potential to become almost any cell type and are only found during the first stages of development. ![]() ESCs are not derived from eggs fertilized in a woman’s body. ESCs are derived from the inner cell mass of an embryo that has been fertilized in vitro and donated for research purposes following informed consent. Hematopoietic Stem Cells (Blood Stem Cells)ĭuring days 3-5 following fertilization and prior to implantation, the embryo (at this stage, called a blastocyst), contains an inner cell mass that is capable of generating all the specialized tissues that make up the human body.More studies are necessary to confirm the dispute. Studies proving the specificity of developing ASCs are controversial some showing that ASCs can only generate the cell types of their resident tissue whereas others have shown that ASCs may be able to generate other tissue types than those they reside in. This procedure was expanded in 1968 when the first adult bone marrow cells were used in clinical therapies for blood disease. The first ASCs were extracted and used for blood production in 1948. ASCs are found throughout ones lifetime in tissues such as the umbilical cord, placenta, bone marrow, muscle, brain, fat tissue, skin, gut, etc. Resident in most tissues of the human body, discrete populations of ASCs generate cells to replace those that are lost through normal repair, disease, or injury. ASCs are typically scarce in native tissues which have rendered them difficult to study and extract for research purposes. The term “somatic” refers to non-reproductive cells in the body (eggs or sperm). You may also see the term “somatic stem cell” used to refer to adult stem cells. ASCs are undifferentiated cells found living within specific differentiated tissues in our bodies that can renew themselves or generate new cells that can replenish dead or damaged tissue.
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